·         A group of cells, usually similar, which share a particular function.

·         Each organ is made up of tissues.

I.                   MUSCLE TISSUE

II.                NERVOUS TISSUE

III.             EPITHELIUM

IV.             CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Epithelium

Connective tissue

Fibrous (proper) Connective Tissue

Special Connective tissue

1. To separate one region from the other; i.g. skin, stomach lining, blood vessel lining, intestine, heart.
2. Forms exocrine glands
3. The epithelial cells are they type of tissue that protects the underlying structures

Epithelia, it’s made of protein fibers and it connects to the epithelium

To attach the epithelium to the connective tissue beneath it

From the blood vessels in the connective tissue beneath the basement membrane

Epithelium is always bipolar. The 2 sides are called Basal Side and Apical Side. Basal Side faces the basement membrane and the Apical side faces the space (inside the heart, stomach, ext.)

1. Simple Epithelium
2. Stratified Epithelium
3. Transitional Epithelium

Simple Epithelium

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Found in the lungs

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

 Found in the intestines and kidney

Simple Columnar Epithelium

When differentiated, they are called GOBLET CELLS

They produce mucus

  

Pseudo-Stratified Epithelium

Found in the respiratory Tract. This epithelium needs goblet cells nearby to produce mucus that contains the material to be swept. The mucous catches the debris you inhale and the cilia sweeps the material up to your throat where you cough it up and swallow it.

Stratified Epithelium

The type of epithelium is named by the apical layer

For example, if the basal layer is cuboidal shaped, but the apical layer is squamous shaped, it is stratified squamous epithelium.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Non-Keratinized Epithelium

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Non-Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Transitional Epithelium

Transitional epithelium

By whether it is moist of dry

Mucosa and Serosa

Mucosa

Example: pseudo-stratified epithelium

Serosa

Found in parts of the body that needs lubrication

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Collagen is a type of fiber is found in all connective tissues (other than blood).

Collagen has very little blood supply so it does not regenerate well

 Collagen

Provides support for connective tissue

Exocrine Glands

Endocrine Glands

Exocrine Glands

Endocrine Glands

1. Serous Glands
2. Mucous Glands
3. Mixed Glands
4. Oil Glands

1. Sweat
2. Mucous
3. Wax and oil
4. Sweat and mucous

Goblet cells are unicellular glands

1. Merocrine Glands

2. Apocrine Glands
3. Holocrine Glands

Merocrine Glands

Exocytosis is when a secretion vesicle moves to the plasma membrane, where it fuses and the material is released outside the cell.

 

1)      Apocrine Glands

2)      Example: Mammary gland

3)      Apocrine glands secrete a protein

Holocrine Glands

Example: sebaceous glands

1) Apocrine

2) sebaceous and eccrine

Unicellular Glands and Multicellular Glands

Respiratory tract

 

Multicellular Gland

            Simple glands (sweat glands are simple tubular)

            Compound glands (mammary glands are compound alveolar)

      ALVEOLAR                                            TUBULAR

  

1. Loose connective tissue

2. Adipose connective tissue

3. Dense Irregular connective tissue

4. Dense Regular connective tissue

Loose connective tissue

Adipose Tissue

Fat is stored inside

1.   Cushions organs

2. Food storage
3. Insulation

Dense Irregular Connective tissue

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Dense Regular connective tissue

Dense Regular connective tissue

Dense regular connective tissue

They are not muscle tissues.

1. Cartilage
2. Bone
3. Blood

 Chondrocytes

Cartilage

1. Hyaline Cartilage
2. Elastic Cartilage
3. Fibrocartilage

Bone

The main cell typo is Osteocyte

Blood

The main cell type is Erythrocyte